Vocal Africa group says its preliminary findings on the upcoming mini-polls have established that the political climate surrounding the November 27th by-election has been characterized by electoral malpractices. Addressing the media at its headquarters in Nairobi, the human rights and pro-democracy organization raised a red flag on what it terms an upsurge in electoral-related violence, open bribery, and involvement of state officers in partisan campaigns, warning that if left unchecked, the practices threaten the credibility of the by-elections.